What is data anonymization? Data anonymization is the irreversible process of altering or destroying personal identifiers within a dataset so that the data subject can no longer be identified directly or indirectly by anyone, using any reasonable means. Truly anonymized data is exempt from GDPR regulations under Recital 26.
| Anonymization Technique | Mechanism | Re-Identification Risk |
|---|---|---|
| Generalization / Bucketing | Replacing precise values with broader ranges (e.g. age 42 → 40–49) | Low if quasi-identifiers are reduced |
| Perturbation / Noise Addition | Adding random mathematical noise to continuous numerical data | Very low with differential privacy bounds |
| Data Suppression | Completely deleting sensitive or unique outliers from the dataset | Zero for suppressed fields |
Unlike pseudonymization (which retains a reversible key), true anonymization eliminates all links to real individuals, rendering the dataset non-personal data under international privacy law.
What Glossary Professionals Send to AI — and What They Should Be Sending Instead
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